Hypertension

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, affects millions of people worldwide. It can be caused by factors such as genetics, diet, lifestyle, and underlying medical conditions. Risk factors include obesity, smoking, stress, and a diet high in sodium and low in potassium. Medical conditions like kidney disease and sleep apnea can also contribute to hypertension.

Symptoms of hypertension are typically not present, but over time it can lead to serious health issues like heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. Severe hypertension may cause symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and shortness of breath.

Treatment of hypertension involves lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, weight loss, and quitting smoking, as well as medication like diuretics, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and beta blockers. Prevention includes a healthy lifestyle, limiting sodium intake, increasing potassium intake, and regular blood pressure monitoring.

In summary, hypertension is characterized by high blood pressure and can be caused by various factors. It can lead to serious health issues over time but can be managed through lifestyle changes and medication. Prevention involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular monitoring of blood pressure.

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